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The sigmoid function, also called the sigmoidal curve (von Seggern 2007, p. 148) or logistic function, is the function y=1/(1+e^(-x)). (1) It has derivative (dy)/(dx) = ...

The modification of a set of data to make it smooth and nearly continuous and remove or diminish outlying points.

Twenty golfers wish to play in foursomes for 5 days. Is it possible for each golfer to play no more than once with any other golfer? The answer is yes, and the following ...

Sorting is the rearrangement of numbers (or other orderable objects) in a list into their correct lexographic order. Alphabetization is therefore a form of sorting. Because ...

Let G be a permutation group on a set Omega and x be an element of Omega. Then G_x={g in G:g(x)=x} (1) is called the stabilizer of x and consists of all the permutations of G ...

Given a set of n men and n women, marry them off in pairs after each man has ranked the women in order of preference from 1 to n, {w_1,...,w_n} and each women has done ...

Stadium billiards refers to the investigation of the path of a billiard ball on a stadium-shaped billiard table, as first investigated by Bunimovich (1974).

A figurate number of the form StOct_n = O_n+8Te_(n-1) (1) = n(2n^2-1), (2) where O_n is an octahedral number and Te_n is a tetrahedral number. The first few are 1, 14, 51, ...

A string of length n on an alphabet l of m characters is an arrangement of n not necessarily distinct symbols from l. There are m^n such distinct strings. For example, the ...

A number of attractive tetrahedron 6-compounds can be constructed. The first compound (left figures) is obtained by combining three stella octangula. A second can be obtained ...