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A submodule L of a module M such that for any other nonzero submodule K of M, the intersection L intersection K is not the zero module. L is also called an essential ...

A method of displaying simple statistical parameters including hinges, the statistical median, and upper and lower values.

Let R be a plane region bounded above by a continuous curve y=f(x), below by the x-axis, and on the left and right by x=a and x=b, then the volume of the solid of revolution ...

The kernel of a module homomorphism f:M-->N is the set of all elements of M which are mapped to zero. It is the kernel of f as a homomorphism of additive groups, and is a ...

A tensor notation which considers the Riemann tensor R_(lambdamunukappa) as a matrix R_((lambdamu)(nukappa)) with indices lambdamu and nukappa.

A quintic curve is an algebraic curve of order five. Examples of quintic curves include the Burnside curve, butterfly catastrophe curve, and stirrup curve.

The fractal-like figure obtained by performing the same iteration as for the Mandelbrot set, but adding a random component R, z_(n+1)=z_n^2+c+R. In the above plot, ...

In a complete metric space, a countable union of nowhere dense sets is said to be meager; the complement of such a set is a residual set.

A strictly upper triangular matrix is an upper triangular matrix having 0s along the diagonal as well as the lower portion, i.e., a matrix A=[a_(ij)] such that a_(ij)=0 for ...

A subgroup is a subset H of group elements of a group G that satisfies the four group requirements. It must therefore contain the identity element. "H is a subgroup of G" is ...