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The Monty Hall problem is named for its similarity to the Let's Make a Deal television game show hosted by Monty Hall. The problem is stated as follows. Assume that a room is ...

Consider the process of taking a number, multiplying its digits, then multiplying the digits of numbers derived from it, etc., until the remaining number has only one digit. ...

The normal vector, often simply called the "normal," to a surface is a vector which is perpendicular to the surface at a given point. When normals are considered on closed ...

There are a number of attractive polyhedron compounds consisting of five octahedra. The first octahedron 5-compound is a polyhedron compound composed of five octahedra ...

Approximants derived by expanding a function as a ratio of two power series and determining both the numerator and denominator coefficients. Padé approximations are usually ...

If all the diagonals--including those obtained by "wrapping around" the edges--of a magic square sum to the same magic constant, the square is said to be a panmagic square ...

A parallelian is a line drawn parallel to one side of a triangle. The three lines drawn through a given point are known as the triangle's parallelians. There exists a unique ...

Inspired by computer simulations of fossilized worms trails published by Raup and Seilacher (1969), computer scientist Mike Paterson at the University of Warwick and ...

The pentagram, also called the five-point star, pentacle, pentalpha, or pentangle, is the star polygon {5/2}. It is a pagan religious symbol that is one of the oldest symbols ...

Let A be the area of a simply closed lattice polygon. Let B denote the number of lattice points on the polygon edges and I the number of points in the interior of the ...