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Find consecutive powers, i.e., solutions to x^p-y^q=+/-1, excluding 0 and 1. Catalan's conjecture states that the only solution is 3^2-2^3=1, so 8 and 9 (2^3 and 3^2) are the ...

A change of basis is the transformation of coordinate-based vector and operator representations in a given vector space from one vector basis representation to another.

A change of coordinates matrix, also called a transition matrix, specifies the transformation from one vector basis to another under a change of basis. For example, if ...

The radial curve of a unit circle from a radial point (x,y) and parametric equations x = cost (1) y = sint (2) is another circle with parametric equations x_r = x-cost (3) ...

A derivative of a complex function, which must satisfy the Cauchy-Riemann equations in order to be complex differentiable.

A number h which satisfies the conditions of the congruum problem: x^2+h=a^2 and x^2-h=b^2, where x,h,a,b are integers. The list of congrua is given by 24, 96, 120, 240, 336, ...

The conical spiral with angular frequency a on a cone of height h and radius r is a space curve given by the parametric equations x = (h-z)/hrcos(az) (1) y = (h-z)/hrsin(az) ...

For a simple continued fraction x=[a_0,a_1,...] with convergents p_n/q_n, the fundamental recurrence relation is given by p_nq_(n-1)-p_(n-1)q_n=(-1)^(n+1).

Consider the family of ellipses (x^2)/(c^2)+(y^2)/((1-c)^2)-1=0 (1) for c in [0,1]. The partial derivative with respect to c is -(2x^2)/(c^3)+(2y^2)/((1-c)^3)=0 (2) ...

Given two circles, draw the tangents from the center of each circle to the sides of the other. Then the line segments AB and CD are of equal length. The theorem can be proved ...