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Consider a combination lock consisting of n buttons that can be pressed in any combination (including multiple buttons at once), but in such a way that each number is pressed ...

A set of orthogonal functions {phi_n(x)} is termed complete in the closed interval x in [a,b] if, for every piecewise continuous function f(x) in the interval, the minimum ...

The study of designs and, in particular, necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a block design.

The term diamond is another word for a rhombus. The term is also used to denote a square tilted at a 45 degrees angle. The diamond shape is a special case of the superellipse ...

A deeper result than the Hardy-Ramanujan theorem. Let N(x,a,b) be the number of integers in [n,x] such that inequality a<=(omega(n)-lnlnn)/(sqrt(lnlnn))<=b (1) holds, where ...

If {f_n} is a sequence of nonnegative measurable functions, then intlim inf_(n->infty)f_ndmu<=lim inf_(n->infty)intf_ndmu. (1) An example of a sequence of functions for which ...

An equation of the form f(x,y,...)=0, where f contains a finite number of independent variables, known functions, and unknown functions which are to be solved for. Many ...

Find a closed plane curve of a given perimeter which encloses the greatest area. The solution is a circle. If the class of curves to be considered is limited to smooth ...

Find the surface enclosing the maximum volume per unit surface area, I=V/S. The solution is a sphere, which has I_(sphere)=(4/3pir^3)/(4pir^2)=1/3r. The fact that a sphere ...

A relation connecting the values of a meromorphic function inside a disk with its boundary values on the circumference and with its zeros and poles (Jensen 1899, Levin 1980). ...