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Through any point in the plane, there is at most one straight line parallel to a given straight line. This axiom is equivalent to the parallel postulate.

The ordinary differential equation y^('')+k/xy^'+deltae^y=0.

The study of harmonic functions (also called potential functions).

An algebra in which the associator (x,x,x)=0. The subalgebra generated by one element is associative.

The derivative of the power x^n is given by d/(dx)(x^n)=nx^(n-1).

A ring for which the product of any pair of ideals is zero only if one of the two ideals is zero. All simple rings are prime.

A power series containing fractional exponents (Davenport et al. 1993, p. 91) and logarithms, where the logarithms may be multiply nested, e.g., lnlnx.

The doublestruck capital letter Q, Q, denotes the field of rationals. It derives from the German word Quotient, which can be translated as "ratio." The symbol Q first ...

R(p,tau) = int_(-infty)^inftyint_(-infty)^infty[1/(sigmasqrt(2pi))e^(-(x^2+y^2)/(2sigma^2))]delta[y-(tau+px)]dydx (1) = ...

A real matrix is a matrix whose elements consist entirely of real numbers. The set of m×n real matrices is sometimes denoted R^(m×n) (Zwillinger 1995, p. 116).