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For a quadrilateral which is not cyclic, Ptolemy's theorem becomes an inequality: AB×CD+BC×DA>AC×BD. The Ptolemy inequality is still valid when ABCD is a triangular pyramid ...

Given a Pythagorean triple (a,b,c), the fractions a/b and b/a are called Pythagorean fractions. Diophantus showed that the Pythagorean fractions consist precisely of ...

A Pythagorean triangle is a right triangle with integer side lengths (i.e., whose side lengths (a,b,c) form a Pythagorean triple). A Pythagorean triangle with GCD(a,b,c)=1 is ...

A quintic curve is an algebraic curve of order five. Examples of quintic curves include the Burnside curve, butterfly catastrophe curve, and stirrup curve.

The distance from the center of a circle to its perimeter, or from the center of a sphere to its surface. The radius is equal to half the diameter.

An epicycloid with n=5 cusps, named after the buttercup genus Ranunculus (Madachy 1979). Its parametric equations are x = a[6cost-cos(6t)] (1) y = a[6sint-sin(6t)]. (2) Its ...

A rational quadrilateral is a quadrilateral for which the sides, polygon diagonals, and area are rational. The simplest case has sides a=52, b=25, c=39, and d=60, polygon ...

The constant ratio by which all distances are increased (or decreased) in a similarity. A similarity with ratio of magnification equal to 1 is called an isometry.

The regular decagon is constructible 10-sided regular polygon with Schläfli symbol {10}. The inradius r, circumradius R, and area can be computed directly from the formulas ...

A triangle center is regular iff there is a triangle center function which is a polynomial in Delta, a, b, and c (where Delta is the area of the triangle) such that the ...