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A chord which is a normal at each end. A centrosymmetric set K subset R^d has d double normals through the center (Croft et al. 1991). For a curve of constant width, all ...

A set function mu is finitely additive if, given any finite disjoint collection of sets {E_k}_(k=1)^n on which mu is defined, mu( union _(k=1)^nE_k)=sum_(k=1)^nmu(E_k).

An algebraic variety is called irreducible if it cannot be written as the union of nonempty algebraic varieties. For example, the set of solutions to xy=0 is reducible ...

The maximum flow between vertices v_i and v_j in a graph G is exactly the weight of the smallest set of edges to disconnect G with v_i and v_j in different components (Ford ...

The paradox of a man who states "I am lying." If he is lying, then he is telling the truth, and vice versa. Another version of this paradox is the Epimenides paradox. Such ...

Suppose that G is a pseudograph, E is the edge set of G, and C is the family of edge sets of graph cycles of G. Then C obeys the axioms for the circuits of a matroid, and ...

A vector field X on a compact foliated manifold (M,F) is nice if X is transverse to F and if X has a closed orbit C (called a nice orbit) such that the intersection C ...

A rational number is a number that can be expressed as a fraction p/q where p and q are integers and q!=0. A rational number p/q is said to have numerator p and denominator ...

A group G is a finite or infinite set of elements together with a binary operation (called the group operation) that together satisfy the four fundamental properties of ...

A k-matching in a graph G is a set of k edges, no two of which have a vertex in common (i.e., an independent edge set of size k). Let Phi_k be the number of k-matchings of ...