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A set S is discrete in a larger topological space X if every point x in S has a neighborhood U such that S intersection U={x}. The points of S are then said to be isolated ...

Let R(z) be a rational function R(z)=(P(z))/(Q(z)), (1) where z in C^*, C^* is the Riemann sphere C union {infty}, and P and Q are polynomials without common divisors. The ...

A set S together with a relation >= which is both transitive and reflexive such that for any two elements a,b in S, there exists another element c in S with c>=a and c>=b. In ...

The term Mandelbrot set is used to refer both to a general class of fractal sets and to a particular instance of such a set. In general, a Mandelbrot set marks the set of ...

Given a set S with a subset E, the complement (denoted E^' or E^_) of E with respect to S is defined as E^'={F:F in S,F not in E}. (1) Using set difference notation, the ...

Let (A,<=) and (B,<=) be well ordered sets with ordinal numbers alpha and beta. Then alpha<beta iff A is order isomorphic to an initial segment of B (Dauben 1990, p. 199). ...

The edge set of a graph is simply a set of all edges of the graph. The cardinality of the edge set for a given graph g is known as the edge count of g. The edge set for a ...

For a set S, the span is defined by maxS-minS, where max is the maximum and min is the minimum.

The set containing no elements, commonly denoted emptyset or emptyset, the former of which is used in this work. These correspond to Wolfram Language and TeX characters ...

A plane partition which is invariant under permutation of the three axes and which is equal to its complement (i.e., the collection of cubes that are in a given box but do ...