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A knot invariant is a function from the set of all knots to any other set such that the function does not change as the knot is changed (up to isotopy). In other words, a ...

An operation on a knot or link diagram which preserves its crossing number. Thistlethwaite used 13 different moves in generating a list of 16-crossing alternating knots ...

The signature s(K) of a knot K can be defined using the skein relationship s(unknot)=0 (1) s(K_+)-s(K_-) in {0,2}, (2) and 4|s(K)<->del (K)(2i)>0, (3) where del (K) is the ...

The mathematical study of knots. Knot theory considers questions such as the following: 1. Given a tangled loop of string, is it really knotted or can it, with enough ...

On a measure space X, the set of square integrable L2-functions is an L^2-space. Taken together with the L2-inner product with respect to a measure mu, <f,g>=int_Xfgdmu (1) ...

The set of left cosets of a subgroup H of a topological group G forms a topological space. Its topology is defined by the quotient topology from pi:G->G/H. Namely, the open ...

A link invariant defined for a two-component oriented link as the sum of +1 crossings and -1 crossing over all crossings between the two links divided by 2. For components ...

A topology tau on a topological vector space X=(X,tau) (with X usually assumed to be T2) is said to be locally convex if tau admits a local base at 0 consisting of balanced, ...

The term "loop" has a number of meanings in mathematics. Most simply, a loop is a closed curve whose initial and final points coincide in a fixed point p known as the ...

An orientation on an n-dimensional manifold is given by a nowhere vanishing differential n-form. Alternatively, it is an bundle orientation for the tangent bundle. If an ...