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The least number of crossings that occur in any projection of a link. In general, it is difficult to find the crossing number of a given link. Knots and links are generally ...

A planar diagram depicting a link (or knot) as a sequence of segments with gaps representing undercrossings and solid lines overcrossings. In such a diagram, only two ...

A link invariant is a function from the set of all links to any other set such that the function does not change as the link is changed (up to isotopy). In other words, a ...

The span of an unoriented link diagram (also called the link spread) is the difference between the highest and lowest degrees of its bracket polynomial. The span is a ...

A Liouville Space, also known as line space or "extended" Hilbert space, it is the Cartesian product of two Hilbert spaces.

A type I move (conjugation) takes AB->BA for A, B in B_n where B_n is a braid group. A type II move (stabilization) takes A->Ab_n or A->Ab_n^(-1) for A in B_n, and b_n, Ab_n, ...

For every infinite loop space machine E, there is a natural equivalence of spectra between EX and Segal's spectrum BX.

The generalization of the Schönflies theorem to n dimensions. A smoothly embedded n-hypersphere in an (n+1)-hypersphere separates the (n+1)-hypersphere into two components, ...

The sum of sets A and B in a vector space, equal to {a+b:a in A,b in B}.

A knot K embedded in R^3=C_z×R_t, where the three-dimensional space R^3 is represented as a direct product of a complex line C with coordinate z and a real line R with ...