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The difference of two complex numbers z=x+iy and z^'=x^'+iy^' is given by z-z^'=(x-x^')+i(y-y^'). In component form, (x,y)-(x^',y^')=(x-x^',y-y^').

A complex translation is a map of the form z|->z+a, where a is a fixed complex number, which corresponds to translation (shifting) of points the complex plane by the complex ...

A variable that may assume complex values.

A group L is a component of H if L is a quasisimple group which is a subnormal subgroup of H.

An n-component of a graph G is a maximal n-connected subgraph.

A compositeness certificate is a piece of information which guarantees that a given number p is composite. Possible certificates consist of a factor of a number (which, in ...

A test which always identifies prime numbers correctly, but may incorrectly identify a composite number as a prime.

The concatenation of two strings a and b is the string ab formed by joining a and b. Thus the concatenation of the strings "book" and "case" is the string "bookcase". The ...

A function f(x) is said to be concave on an interval [a,b] if, for any points x_1 and x_2 in [a,b], the function -f(x) is convex on that interval (Gradshteyn and Ryzhik 2000).

A concave polygon is a polygon that is not convex. A simple polygon is concave iff at least one of its internal angles is greater than 180 degrees. An example of a non-simple ...