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The set theory symbol (aleph) for the cardinal number of a well-orderable infinite set.

A congruence of the form f(x)=0 (mod n) where f(x) is an integer polynomial (Nagell 1951, p. 73).

A category of link encompassing both alternating knots and torus knots.

An antimagic graph is a graph with e graph edges labeled with distinct elements {1,2,...,e} so that the sum of the graph edge labels at each graph vertex differ.

A number which can be represented both in the form x_0^2-Dy_0^2 and in the form Dx_1^2-y_1^2. This is only possible when the Pell equation x^2-Dy^2=-1 (1) is solvable. Then ...

An initial point that provides safe convergence of Newton's method (Smale 1981; Petković et al. 1997, p. 1).

The arc set of a directed graph is the set of all arcs (directed edges) of the graph. The arc set for a directed graph g is given in the Wolfram Language by EdgeList[g].

Arrow's paradox, also called Arrow's impossibility theorem or the general possibility theorem, states that perfect democratic voting is impossible, not just in practice but ...

Let p be an odd prime, a be a positive number such that pa (i.e., p does not divide a), and let x be one of the numbers 1, 2, 3, ..., p-1. Then there is a unique x^', called ...

A pair of numbers m and n such that sigma(m)=sigma(n)=m+n-1, where sigma(m) is the divisor function. Beck and Najar (1977) found 11 augmented amicable pairs.