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Two matrices A and B are equal to each other, written A=B, if they have the same dimensions m×n and the same elements a_(ij)=b_(ij) for i=1, ..., n and j=1, ..., m. ...

The partial differential equation R[u](u_(rr)+(u_r)/r+u_(zz))=u_r^2+u_z^2, where R[u] is the real part of u (Calogero and Degasperis 1982, p. 62; Zwillinger 1997, p. 131).

A normal distribution with mean 0, P(x)=h/(sqrt(pi))e^(-h^2x^2). (1) The characteristic function is phi(t)=e^(-t^2/(4h^2)). (2) The mean, variance, skewness, and kurtosis ...

A singular point a for which f(z)(z-a)^n is not differentiable for any integer n>0.

An estimator is a rule that tells how to calculate an estimate based on the measurements contained in a sample. For example, the sample mean x^_ is an estimator for the ...

The bias of an estimator theta^~ is defined as B(theta^~)=<theta^~>-theta. (1) It is therefore true that theta^~-theta = (theta^~-<theta^~>)+(<theta^~>-theta) (2) = ...

A function which arises in the fractional integral of e^(at), given by E_t(nu,a) = (e^(at))/(Gamma(nu))int_0^tx^(nu-1)e^(-ax)dx (1) = (a^(-nu)e^(at)gamma(nu,at))/(Gamma(nu)), ...

A topology arising from a sheaf of continuous functions. It derives a natural topology from the projection operator. Etale spaces are examples of space that are not T2.

A three-dimensional shadow of a four-dimensional Klein bottle.

The paradox "This statement is false," stated in the fourth century BC. It is a sharper version of the Epimenides paradox, "All Cretans are liars...One of their own poets has ...