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An odd prime p is called a cluster prime if every even positive integer less than p-2 can be written as a difference of two primes q-q^', where q,q^'<=p. The first 23 odd ...

The coboundary polynomial chi^__G(q,t) is a bivariate graph polynomial which can be expressed in terms of the Tutte polynomial T_G(x,y) of a graph G by ...

The coheight of a proper ideal I of a commutative Noetherian unit ring R is the Krull dimension of the quotient ring R/I. The coheight is related to the height of I by the ...

A coloring of plane regions, link segments, etc., is an assignment of a distinct labeling (which could be a number, letter, color, etc.) to each component. Coloring problems ...

The number of ways of picking k unordered outcomes from n possibilities. Also known as the binomial coefficient or choice number and read "n choose k," _nC_k=(n; ...

Combinatorics is the branch of mathematics studying the enumeration, combination, and permutation of sets of elements and the mathematical relations that characterize their ...

A monoid that is commutative i.e., a monoid M such that for every two elements a and b in M, ab=ba. This means that commutative monoids are commutative, associative, and have ...

The compact-open topology is a common topology used on function spaces. Suppose X and Y are topological spaces and C(X,Y) is the set of continuous maps from f:X->Y. The ...

A labeled binary tree containing the labels 1 to n with root 1, branches leading to nodes labeled 2 and 3, branches from these leading to 4, 5 and 6, 7, respectively, and so ...

The complete products of a Boolean algebra of subsets generated by a set {A_k}_(k=1)^p of cardinal number p are the 2^p Boolean functions B_1B_2...B_p=B_1 intersection B_2 ...