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The term energy has an important physical meaning in physics and is an extremely useful concept. There are several forms energy defined in mathematics. In measure theory, let ...

Fractran is an algorithm applied to a given list f_1, f_2, ..., f_k of fractions. Given a starting integer N, the FRACTRAN algorithm proceeds by repeatedly multiplying the ...

The finite group C_2×C_6 is the finite group of order 12 that is the group direct product of the cyclic group C2 and cyclic group C6. It is one of the two Abelian groups of ...

Let M be a regular surface with v_(p),w_(p) points in the tangent space M_(p) of M. Then the first fundamental form is the inner product of tangent vectors, ...

Green's identities are a set of three vector derivative/integral identities which can be derived starting with the vector derivative identities del ·(psidel phi)=psidel ...

Let f be an entire function of finite order lambda and {a_j} the zeros of f, listed with multiplicity, then the rank p of f is defined as the least positive integer such that ...

A semiprime which English economist and logician William Stanley Jevons incorrectly believed no one else would be able to factor. According to Jevons (1874, p. 123), "Can the ...

A procedure for decomposing an N×N matrix A into a product of a lower triangular matrix L and an upper triangular matrix U, LU=A. (1) LU decomposition is implemented in the ...

The line integral of a vector field F(x) on a curve sigma is defined by int_(sigma)F·ds=int_a^bF(sigma(t))·sigma^'(t)dt, (1) where a·b denotes a dot product. In Cartesian ...

The Möbius function is a number theoretic function defined by mu(n)={0 if n has one or more repeated prime factors; 1 if n=1; (-1)^k if n is a product of k distinct primes, ...