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Sangaku problems, often written "san gaku," are geometric problems of the type found on devotional mathematical wooden tablets ("sangaku") which were hung under the roofs of ...

If an n-sided Poncelet transverse constructed for two given conic sections is closed for one point of origin, it is closed for any position of the point of origin. ...

Linear Algebra

A circle is the set of points in a plane that are equidistant from a given point O. The distance r from the center is called the radius, and the point O is called the center. ...

A hyperbola (plural "hyperbolas"; Gray 1997, p. 45) is a conic section defined as the locus of all points P in the plane the difference of whose distances r_1=F_1P and ...

Spherical coordinates, also called spherical polar coordinates (Walton 1967, Arfken 1985), are a system of curvilinear coordinates that are natural for describing positions ...

The hyperbolic cotangent is defined as cothz=(e^z+e^(-z))/(e^z-e^(-z))=(e^(2z)+1)/(e^(2z)-1). (1) The notation cthz is sometimes also used (Gradshteyn and Ryzhik 2000, p. ...

Consider a reference triangle DeltaABC and externally inscribe a square on the side BC. Now join the new vertices S_(AB) and S_(AC) of this square with the vertex A, marking ...

A diffeomorphism is a map between manifolds which is differentiable and has a differentiable inverse.

Two objects which touch each other are said to be incident.