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Given two intersecting lines OA and OB forming an angle with vertex at O and a point X inside the angle ∠AOB, the Philo line (or Philon line) is the shortest line segment AB ...

In functional analysis, the term "Poincaré-Friedrichs inequality" is a term used to describe inequalities which are qualitatively similar to the classical Poincaré Inequality ...

Let Omega be an open, bounded, and connected subset of R^d for some d and let dx denote d-dimensional Lebesgue measure on R^d. In functional analysis, the Poincaré inequality ...

In Euclidean space R^3, the curve that minimizes the distance between two points is clearly a straight line segment. This can be shown mathematically as follows using ...

A map defined by one or more polynomials. Given a field K, a polynomial map is a map f:K^n->K^m such that for all points (x_1,...,x_n) in K^n, ...

The differential equation describing exponential growth is (dN)/(dt)=rN. (1) This can be integrated directly int_(N_0)^N(dN)/N=int_0^trdt (2) to give ln(N/(N_0))=rt, (3) ...

Define a power difference prime as a number of the form n^n-(n-1)^(n-1) that is prime. The first few power difference primes then have n=2, 3, 4, 7, 11, 17, 106, 120, 1907, ...

A general set of methods for integrating ordinary differential equations. Predictor-corrector methods proceed by extrapolating a polynomial fit to the derivative from the ...

Let a!=b, A, and B denote positive integers satisfying (a,b)=1 (A,B)=1, (i.e., both pairs are relatively prime), and suppose every prime p=B (mod A) with (p,2ab)=1 is ...

A principal nth root omega of unity is a root satisfying the equations omega^n=1 and sum_(i=0)^(n-1)omega^(ij)=0 for j=1, 2, ..., n. Therefore, every primitive root of unity ...