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If N is a submodule of the module M over the ring R, the quotient group M/N has a natural structure of R-module with the product defined by a(x+N)=ax+N for all a in R and all ...

The derivative rule d/(dx)[(f(x))/(g(x))]=(g(x)f^'(x)-f(x)g^'(x))/([g(x)]^2).

R^- denotes the real negative numbers.

Let R be a commutative ring. A category C is called an R-category if the Hom-sets of C are R-modules.

A robust estimation based on a rank test.

R^+ denotes the real positive numbers.

The set of projective projectively extended real numbers. Unfortunately, the notation is not standardized, so the set of affinely extended real numbers, denoted here R^_, is ...

The doublestruck letter R denotes the field of real numbers.

A hypergeometric class of orthogonal polynomials defined by R_n(lambda(x);alpha,beta,gamma,delta) =_4F_3(-n,n+alpha+beta+1,-x,x+gamma+delta+1; alpha+1,beta+delta+1,gamma+1;1) ...

The base of a number system, i.e., 2 for binary, 8 for octal, 10 for decimal, and 16 for hexadecimal. The radix is sometimes called the base or scale.