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A statement, also known as an axiom, which is taken to be true without proof. Postulates are the basic structure from which lemmas and theorems are derived. The whole of ...

A surface constructed by placing a family of figure-eight curves into R^3 such that the first and last curves reduce to points. The surface has parametric equations x(u,v) = ...

A word derived from the Latin roots quad- (four) and via (ways, roads), therefore a crossing of four roads. In medieval universities, the quadrivium consisted of the four ...

An outer measure mu on R^n is Borel regular if, for each set X subset R^n, there exists a Borel set B superset X such that mu(B)=mu(X). The d-dimensional Hausdorff outer ...

A regular local ring is a local ring R with maximal ideal m so that m can be generated with exactly d elements where d is the Krull dimension of the ring R. Equivalently, R ...

The regular pentagon is the regular polygon with five sides, as illustrated above. A number of distance relationships between vertices of the regular pentagon can be derived ...

Given a function f specified by parametric variables u_1, ..., u_n, a reparameterization f^^ of f over domain U is a change of variables u_i in U->v_i->V via a function phi ...

In a local ring R, there is only one maximal ideal m. Hence, R has only one quotient ring R/m which is a field. This field is called the residue field.

A morphism f:X->Y is said to be separable if K(X) is a separable extension of K(Y).

Starr roses are attractive geometric figures such as those illustrated above.