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In algebraic topology, the Reidemeister torsion is a notion originally introduced as a topological invariant of 3-manifolds which has now been widely adapted to a variety of ...

Alpha is the name for the first letter in the Greek alphabet: alpha. In finance, alpha is a financial measure giving the difference between a fund's actual return and its ...

A function of two variables is bilinear if it is linear with respect to each of its variables. The simplest example is f(x,y)=xy.

A set of functions {f_1(n,x),f_2(n,x)} is termed a complete biorthogonal system in the closed interval R if, they are biorthogonal, i.e., int_Rf_1(m,x)f_1(n,x)dx = ...

A complex vector space is a vector space whose field of scalars is the complex numbers. A linear transformation between complex vector spaces is given by a matrix with ...

The period of time between interest payments.

Two quantities are said to be different (or "unequal") if they are not equal. The term "different" also has a technical usage related to modules. Let a module M in an ...

An endogenous variable is an economic variable that is related to other economic variables and determines their equilibrium levels.

The general displacement of a rigid body (or coordinate frame) with one point fixed is a rotation about some axis. Furthermore, a rotation may be described in any basis using ...

An exogenous variable is an economic variable which is independent of the relationships determining the equilibrium levels, but nonetheless affects the equilibrium.