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The cosine function cosx is one of the basic functions encountered in trigonometry (the others being the cosecant, cotangent, secant, sine, and tangent). Let theta be an ...

The cumulative count of property P for a sequence S_n={a_1,a_2,...,a_n} is a sequence of counts of the numbers of elements a_i with i<=k that satisfy P for k=1, 2, ..., n. ...

A cumulative product is a sequence of partial products of a given sequence. For example, the cumulative products of the sequence {a,b,c,...}, are a, ab, abc, .... Cumulative ...

A rewriting of a given quantity (e.g., a matrix) in terms of a combination of "simpler" quantities.

Define g(k) as the quantity appearing in Waring's problem, then Euler conjectured that g(k)=2^k+|_(3/2)^k_|-2, where |_x_| is the floor function.

A game in which each player has a finite number of moves and a finite number of choices at each move.

A robust nonparametric test which is an alternative to the paired t-test. This test makes the basic assumption that there is information only in the signs of the differences ...

Consider a square wave f(x) of length 2L. Over the range [0,2L], this can be written as f(x)=2[H(x/L)-H(x/L-1)]-1, (1) where H(x) is the Heaviside step function. Since ...

The convex hull of two or more functions is the largest function that is concave from above and does not exceed the given functions.

A multiple series is a series involving sums over more than one index.