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A generalization of Fermat's last theorem which states that if a^x+b^y=c^z, where a, b, c, x, y, and z are any positive integers with x,y,z>2, then a, b, and c have a common ...

Birthday attacks are a class of brute-force techniques used in an attempt to solve a class of cryptographic hash function problems. These methods take advantage of functions ...

A Borel set is an element of a Borel sigma-algebra. Roughly speaking, Borel sets are the sets that can be constructed from open or closed sets by repeatedly taking countable ...

A roll of two 6s (the highest roll possible) on a pair of 6-sided dice. The probability of rolling boxcars in a single roll of two dice is 1/36, or 2.777...%. In order to ...

For a general quadrilateral with sides of length a, b, c, and d, the area K is given by (1) where s=1/2(a+b+c+d) (2) is the semiperimeter, A is the angle between a and d, and ...

A Brier number is a number that is both a Riesel number and a Sierpiński number of the second kind, i.e., a number n such that for all k>=1, the numbers n·2^k+1 and n·2^k-1 ...

A Tschirnhausen transformation can be used to take a general quintic equation to the form x^5-x-a=0, where a may be complex.

The (weak) Bruhat graph B_n of order n is the simple graph having have all permutations of {1,2,...,n} as vertices, and with an edge between pairs of permutations that differ ...

The Bump-Ng theorem (and also the title of the paper in which it was proved) states that the zeros of the Mellin transform of Hermite functions have real part equal to 1/2.

The word canonical is used to indicate a particular choice from of a number of possible conventions. This convention allows a mathematical object or class of objects to be ...