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A one-person game played on a rectangular lattice of lamps which can be turned on and off. A move consists of flipping a "switch" inside one of the squares, thereby toggling ...

A linear functional on a real vector space V is a function T:V->R, which satisfies the following properties. 1. T(v+w)=T(v)+T(w), and 2. T(alphav)=alphaT(v). When V is a ...

Let K be a field of field characteristic 0 (e.g., the rationals Q) and let {u_n} be a sequence of elements of K which satisfies a difference equation of the form ...

A maximal sum-free set is a set {a_1,a_2,...,a_n} of distinct natural numbers such that a maximum l of them satisfy a_(i_j)+a_(i_k)!=a_m, for 1<=j<k<=l, 1<=m<=n.

If two square n×n matrices A and B are simultaneously upper triangularizable by similarity transforms, then there is an ordering a_1, ..., a_n of the eigenvalues of A and ...

Let (X,A,mu) and (Y,B,nu) be measure spaces. A measurable rectangle is a set of the form A×B for A in A and B in B.

Given a Farey sequence with consecutive terms h/k and h^'/k^', then the mediant is defined as the reduced form of the fraction (h+h^')/(k+k^').

A method used by Gauss to solve the quadratic Diophantine equation of the form mx^2+ny^2=A (Dickson 2005, pp. 391 and 407).

Model completion is a term employed when existential closure is successful. The formation of the complex numbers, and the move from affine to projective geometry, are ...

A shuffle in which cards from the top of the deck in the left hand are alternatively moved to the bottom and top of the deck in the right hand. If the deck is shuffled m ...