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The term "pathological" is used in mathematics to refer to an example specifically cooked up to violate certain almost universally valid properties. Pathological problems ...

The 10_3 configuration of ten lines intersecting three at a time in 10 points which arises in Desargues' theorem. Its Levi graph is the Desargues graph.

The Diophantine equation x^n+y^n=z^n. The assertion that this equation has no nontrivial solutions for n>2 has a long and fascinating history and is known as Fermat's last ...

A conjecture which relates the minimal elliptic discriminant of an elliptic curve to the j-conductor. If true, it would imply Fermat's last theorem for sufficiently large ...

The fundamental theorem(s) of calculus relate derivatives and integrals with one another. These relationships are both important theoretical achievements and pactical tools ...

Integrals of the form intf(costheta,sintheta)dtheta (1) can be solved by making the substitution z=e^(itheta) so that dz=ie^(itheta)dtheta and expressing costheta = ...

If at least one solution can be determined for a given problem, a solution to that problem is said to exist. Frequently, mathematicians seek to prove the existence of ...

An elliptic function can be characterized by its real and imaginary half-periods omega_1 and omega_2 (Whittaker and Watson 1990, p. 428), sometimes also denoted ...

In the equianharmonic case of the Weierstrass elliptic function, corresponding to invariants g_2=0 and g_3=1, the corresponding real half-period is given by omega_2 = ...

A q-analog of the Saalschütz theorem due to Jackson is given by where _3phi_2 is the q-hypergeometric function (Koepf 1998, p. 40; Schilling and Warnaar 1999).