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p^x is an infinitary divisor of p^y (with y>0) if p^x|_(y-1)p^y, where d|_kn denotes a k-ary Divisor (Guy 1994, p. 54). Infinitary divisors therefore generalize the concept ...

Ruffini's rule a shortcut method for dividing a polynomial by a linear factor of the form x-a which can be used in place of the standard long division algorithm. This method ...

Given a function f(x)=f_0(x), write f_1=f^'(x) and define the Sturm functions by f_n(x)=-{f_(n-2)(x)-f_(n-1)(x)[(f_(n-2)(x))/(f_(n-1)(x))]}, (1) where [P(x)/Q(x)] is a ...

A Diophantine equation is an equation in which only integer solutions are allowed. Hilbert's 10th problem asked if an algorithm existed for determining whether an arbitrary ...

Let u^_ denote the mean of a set of quantities u_i, then the absolute deviation is defined by Deltau_i=|u_i-u^_|.

A property of motion which is conserved to exponential accuracy in the small parameter representing the typical rate of change of the gross properties of the body.

A category of link encompassing both alternating knots and torus knots.

A solution to a problem that can be written in "closed form" in terms of known functions, constants, etc., is often called an analytic solution. Note that this use of the ...

An angle theta drawn on the coordinate plane is said to be in standard position if its initial side lies on the positive x-axis so that its vertex coincides with the origin ...

The difference between the sum of face angles A_i at a polyhedron vertex of a polyhedron and 2pi, delta=2pi-sum_(i)A_i.