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An almost integer is a number that is very close to an integer. Near-solutions to Fermat's last theorem provide a number of high-profile almost integers. In the season 7, ...

The inversive distance is the natural logarithm of the ratio of two concentric circles into which the given circles can be inverted. Let c be the distance between the centers ...

Let n>1 be any integer and let lpf(n) (also denoted LD(n)) be the least integer greater than 1 that divides n, i.e., the number p_1 in the factorization ...

A Størmer number is a positive integer n for which the greatest prime factor p of n^2+1 is at least 2n. Every Gregory number t_x can be expressed uniquely as a sum of t_ns ...

The Fermat quotient for a number a and a prime base p is defined as q_p(a)=(a^(p-1)-1)/p. (1) If pab, then q_p(ab) = q_p(a)+q_p(b) (2) q_p(p+/-1) = ∓1 (3) (mod p), where the ...

The minimal polynomial S_n(x) whose roots are sums and differences of the square roots of the first n primes, ...

The truncated octahedron is the 14-faced Archimedean solid with faces 8{6}+6{4}. It is also the uniform polyhedron with Maeder index 8 (Maeder 1997), Wenninger index 7 ...

A perfect cuboid is a cuboid having integer side lengths, integer face diagonals d_(ab) = sqrt(a^2+b^2) (1) d_(ac) = sqrt(a^2+c^2) (2) d_(bc) = sqrt(b^2+c^2), (3) and an ...

To find the minimum distance between a point in the plane (x_0,y_0) and a quadratic plane curve y=a_0+a_1x+a_2x^2, (1) note that the square of the distance is r^2 = ...

The function f_theta(z)=z/((1+e^(itheta)z)^2) (1) defined on the unit disk |z|<1. For theta in [0,2pi), the Köbe function is a schlicht function f(z)=z+sum_(j=2)^inftya_jz^j ...