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There are several different kinds of magic numbers. The digital root and magic constant are sometimes known as magic numbers. In baseball, the magic number for a team in ...

Brent's method is a root-finding algorithm which combines root bracketing, bisection, and inverse quadratic interpolation. It is sometimes known as the van ...

The word multiplicity is a general term meaning "the number of values for which a given condition holds." For example, the term is used to refer to the value of the totient ...

The sum over all external (square) nodes of the lengths of the paths from the root of an extended binary tree to each node. For example, in the tree above, the external path ...

The operator norm of a linear operator T:V->W is the largest value by which T stretches an element of V, ||T||=sup_(||v||=1)||T(v)||. (1) It is necessary for V and W to be ...

The depth of a vertex v in a rooted tree as the number of edges from v to the root vertex. A function to return the depth of a vertex v in a tree g may be implemented in a ...

The complex numbers are the field C of numbers of the form x+iy, where x and y are real numbers and i is the imaginary unit equal to the square root of -1, sqrt(-1). When a ...

A Lie algebra over an algebraically closed field is called exceptional if it is constructed from one of the root systems E_6, E_7, E_8, F_4, and G_2 by the Chevalley ...

Calabi's triangle is the unique triangle other that the equilateral triangle for which the largest inscribed square can be inscribed in three different ways (Calabi 1997). ...

A prime factorization algorithm which uses residues produced in the continued fraction of sqrt(mN) for some suitably chosen m to obtain a square number. The algorithm solves ...