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Gibrat's distribution is a continuous distribution in which the logarithm of a variable x has a normal distribution, P(x)=1/(xsqrt(2pi))e^(-(lnx)^2/2), (1) defined over the ...

A golden rhombohedron is a rhombohedron whose faces consist of congruent golden rhombi. Golden rhombohedra are therefore special cases of a trigonal trapezohedron as well as ...

A special case of nim played by the following rules. Given a heap of size n, two players alternately select a heap and divide it into two unequal heaps. A player loses when ...

The hat is a caret-shaped symbol commonly placed on top of variables to give them special meaning. The symbol x^^ is voiced "x-hat" (or sometimes as "x-roof") in mathematics, ...

Let alpha_i and A_i be algebraic numbers such that the A_is differ from zero and the alpha_is differ from each other. Then the expression ...

The second-order ordinary differential equation (d^2y)/(dx^2)-2x(dy)/(dx)+lambday=0. (1) This differential equation has an irregular singularity at infty. It can be solved ...

A heterosquare is an n×n array of the integers from 1 to n^2 such that the rows, columns, and diagonals have different sums. (By contrast, in a magic square, they have the ...

A hexagon is a six-sided polygon. Several special types of hexagons are illustrated above. In particular, a hexagon with vertices equally spaced around a circle and with all ...

The technique of extracting the content from geometric (tensor) equations by working in component notation and rearranging indices as required. Index gymnastics is a ...

If p_1, ..., p_n are positive numbers which sum to 1 and f is a real continuous function that is convex, then f(sum_(i=1)^np_ix_i)<=sum_(i=1)^np_if(x_i). (1) If f is concave, ...