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The four-dimensional version of the gradient, encountered frequently in general relativity and special relativity, is del _mu=[1/cpartial/(partialt); partial/(partialx); ...

A special case of a flag manifold. A Grassmann manifold is a certain collection of vector subspaces of a vector space. In particular, g_(n,k) is the Grassmann manifold of ...

A Hilbert basis for the vector space of square summable sequences (a_n)=a_1, a_2, ... is given by the standard basis e_i, where e_i=delta_(in), with delta_(in) the Kronecker ...

A polynomial that represents integers for all integer values of the variables. An integer polynomial is a special case of such a polynomial. In general, every integer ...

A linear functional on a real vector space V is a function T:V->R, which satisfies the following properties. 1. T(v+w)=T(v)+T(w), and 2. T(alphav)=alphaT(v). When V is a ...

A queue is a special kind of list in which elements may only be removed from the bottom by a pop action or added to the top using a push action. Examples of queues include ...

In mathematics, a formal language is normally defined by an alphabet and formation rules. The alphabet of a formal language is a set of symbols on which this language is ...

Order the natural numbers as follows: Now let F be a continuous function from the reals to the reals and suppose p≺q in the above ordering. Then if F has a point of least ...

If p is a prime number and a is a natural number, then a^p=a (mod p). (1) Furthermore, if pa (p does not divide a), then there exists some smallest exponent d such that ...

Special functions which arise as solutions to second order ordinary differential equations are commonly said to be "of the first kind" if they are nonsingular at the origin, ...