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A prime circle of order 2n is a free circular permutation of the numbers from 1 to 2n with adjacent pairs summing to a prime. The number of prime circles for n=1, 2, ..., are ...

The set of numbers generated by excluding the sums of two or more consecutive earlier members is called the prime numbers of measurement, or sometimes the segmented numbers. ...

An abundant number for which all proper divisors are deficient is called a primitive abundant number (Guy 1994, p. 46). The first few odd primitive abundant numbers are 945, ...

A pseudoperfect number for which none of its proper divisors are pseudoperfect (Guy 1994, p. 46). The first few are 6, 20, 28, 88, 104, 272, ... (OEIS A006036). Primitive ...

A principal ideal domain is an integral domain in which every proper ideal can be generated by a single element. The term "principal ideal domain" is often abbreviated P.I.D. ...

Almost all processes that are not obviously simple can be viewed as computations of equivalent sophistication (Wolfram 2002, pp. 5 and 716-717). More specifically, the ...

The term "product" refers to the result of one or more multiplications. For example, the mathematical statement a×b=c would be read "a times b equals c," where a is called ...

The pseudosmarandache function Z(n) is the smallest integer such that sum_(k=1)^(Z(n))k=1/2Z(n)[Z(n)+1] is divisible by n. The values for n=1, 2, ... are 1, 3, 2, 7, 4, 3, 6, ...

Pythagoras's theorem states that the diagonal d of a square with sides of integral length s cannot be rational. Assume d/s is rational and equal to p/q where p and q are ...

The quadratic class number constant is a constant related to the average behavior of class numbers of real quadratic fields. It is given by Q = product_(p)[1-1/(p^2(p+1))] ...