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Hansen's problem is a problem in surveying described as follows. From the position of two known but inaccessible points A and B, determine the position of two unknown ...

A problem which is both NP (verifiable in nondeterministic polynomial time) and NP-hard (any NP-problem can be translated into this problem). Examples of NP-hard problems ...

An initial value problem is a problem that has its conditions specified at some time t=t_0. Usually, the problem is an ordinary differential equation or a partial ...

Define g(k) as the quantity appearing in Waring's problem, then Euler conjectured that g(k)=2^k+|_(3/2)^k_|-2, where |_x_| is the floor function.

Every odd integer n is a prime or the sum of three primes. This problem is closely related to Vinogradov's theorem.

Given a set S of n nonnegative integers, the number partitioning problem requires the division of S into two subsets such that the sums of number in each subset are as close ...

A problem in the calculus of variations. Let a vessel traveling at constant speed c navigate on a body of water having surface velocity u = u(x,y) (1) v = v(x,y). (2) The ...

The recurrence relation E_n=E_2E_(n-1)+E_3E_(n-2)+...+E_(n-1)E_2 which gives the solution to Euler's polygon division problem.

To predict the result of a measurement requires (1) a model of the system under investigation, and (2) a physical theory linking the parameters of the model to the parameters ...

A boundary value problem is a problem, typically an ordinary differential equation or a partial differential equation, which has values assigned on the physical boundary of ...