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The term "snark" was first popularized by Gardner (1976) as a class of minimal cubic graphs with edge chromatic number 4 and certain connectivity requirements. (By Vizing's ...

As shown by Schnirelman (1944), a square can be inscribed in any closed convex curve, although it is not known if this holds true for every Jordan curve (Steinhaus 1999, p. ...

A construction done using only a straightedge. The Poncelet-Steiner theorem proves that all constructions possible using a compass and straightedge are possible using a ...

For what value of x is f(x)=x^(1/x) a maximum? The maximum occurs at x=e, where f^'(x)=x^(-2+1/x)(1-lnx)=0, (1) which is zero at x=e and gives a maximum of ...

Let a_1=1 and define a_(n+1) to be the least integer greater than a_n which cannot be written as the sum of at most h>=2 addends among the terms a_1, a_2, ..., a_n. This ...

A second-order ordinary differential equation d/(dx)[p(x)(dy)/(dx)]+[lambdaw(x)-q(x)]y=0, where lambda is a constant and w(x) is a known function called either the density or ...

A tesseral harmonic is a spherical harmonic of the form cos; sin(mphi)P_l^m(costheta). These harmonics are so named because the curves on which they vanish are l-m parallels ...

A cubic map is three-colorable iff each interior region is bounded by an even number of regions. A non-cubic map bounded by an even number of regions is not necessarily ...

Tomography is the study of the reconstruction of two- and three-dimensional objects from one-dimensional slices. The Radon transform is an important tool in tomography. ...

A system of curvilinear coordinates for which several different notations are commonly used. In this work (u,v,phi) is used, whereas Arfken (1970) uses (xi,eta,phi) and Moon ...