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An odd Mathieu function se_r(z,q) with characteristic value a_r.

A curve in two dimensions on which the value of a function f(x,y) is a constant. Other synonymous terms are isarithm, isopleth, and contour line. A plot of several ...

An estimator is a rule that tells how to calculate an estimate based on the measurements contained in a sample. For example, the sample mean x^_ is an estimator for the ...

A function which arises in the fractional integral of e^(at), given by E_t(nu,a) = (e^(at))/(Gamma(nu))int_0^tx^(nu-1)e^(-ax)dx (1) = (a^(-nu)e^(at)gamma(nu,at))/(Gamma(nu)), ...

A ring without zero divisors in which an integer norm and an associated division algorithm (i.e., a Euclidean algorithm) can be defined. For signed integers, the usual norm ...

Let f(x,y) be a homogeneous function of order n so that f(tx,ty)=t^nf(x,y). (1) Then define x^'=xt and y^'=yt. Then nt^(n-1)f(x,y) = ...

A quantity is said to be exact if it has a precise and well-defined value. J. W. Tukey remarked in 1962, "Far better an approximate answer to the right question, which is ...

A system of congruences a_i mod n_i with 1<=i<=k is called a complete residue system (or covering system) if every integer y satisfies y=a_i (mod n) for at least one value of ...

Also known as the difference of squares method. It was first used by Fermat and improved by Gauss. Gauss looked for integers x and y satisfying y^2=x^2-N (mod E) for various ...

If there exists an A, this is written exists A. Similarly, "A does not exist" is written notexists A. exists is one of the two mathematical objects known as quantifiers. The ...