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A univariate function f(x) is said to be odd provided that f(-x)=-f(x). Geometrically, such functions are symmetric about the origin. Examples of odd functions include x, ...

A lattice L is said to be oriented if there exists a rule which assigns a specified direction to any edge connecting arbitrary lattice points x_i,x_j in L. In that way, an ...

Computation time (also called "running time") is the length of time required to perform a computational process. Representation a computation as a sequence of rule ...

An algebraic surface which can be represented implicitly by a polynomial of degree six in x, y, and z. Examples of quartic surfaces include the Barth sextic, Boy surface, ...

A general concept in category theory involving the globalization of topological or differential structures. The term derives from the Greek omicronlambdaomicronsigma (holos) ...

Monster-barring is a term coined by Lakatos (1976) to refer to the refining of a hypothesis to rule out nasty counterexamples (Bailey et al. 2007, p. 11).

A generalization of the product rule for expressing arbitrary-order derivatives of products of functions, where (n; k) is a binomial coefficient. This can also be written ...

The coversine is a little-used entire trigonometric function defined by covers(z) = versin(1/2pi-z) (1) = 1-sinz, (2) where versin(z) is the versine and sinz is the sine. The ...

Nielsen's spiral, also called the sici spiral (von Seggern 1993) is the spiral with parametric equations x(t) = aci(t) (1) y(t) = asi(t), (2) where ci(t) is the cosine ...

There are several q-analogs of the cosine function. The two natural definitions of the q-cosine defined by Koekoek and Swarttouw (1998) are given by cos_q(z) = ...