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A differential equation is an equation that involves the derivatives of a function as well as the function itself. If partial derivatives are involved, the equation is called ...

A symmetry of a differential equation is a transformation that keeps its family of solutions invariant. Symmetry analysis can be used to solve some ordinary and partial ...

The operator representing the computation of a derivative, D^~=d/(dx), (1) sometimes also called the Newton-Leibniz operator. The second derivative is then denoted D^~^2, the ...

An algorithm which allows digits of a given number to be calculated without requiring the computation of earlier digits. The BBP formula for pi is the best-known such ...

Consider the process of taking a number, taking its digit sum, then adding the digits of numbers derived from it, etc., until the remaining number has only one digit. The ...

A local sink is a node of a directed graph with no exiting edges, also called a terminal (Borowski and Borwein 1991, p. 401; left figure). A global sink (often simply called ...

An unlabeled transitive digraph with n nodes is called a "topology." The numbers of distinct topologies on n=1, 2, ... nodes are 1, 3, 9, 33, 139, 718, 4535, ... (OEIS ...

The dihedral angle is the angle theta between two planes. The dihedral angle between the planes a_1x+b_1y+c_1z+d_1 = 0 (1) a_2x+b_2y+c_2z+d_2 = 0 (2) which have normal ...

A number n such that the "LED representation" of n (i.e., the arrangement of horizonal and vertical lines seen on a digital clock or pocket calculator), n upside down, n in a ...

A similarity transformation which transforms each line to a parallel line whose length is a fixed multiple of the length of the original line. The simplest dilation is ...