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"Neighborhood" is a word with many different levels of meaning in mathematics. One of the most general concepts of a neighborhood of a point x in R^n (also called an ...

An integer that is either 0 or positive, i.e., a member of the set Z^*={0} union Z^+, where Z-+ denotes the positive integers.

An integer that is either 0 or negative, i.e., a member of the set {0} union Z^-, where Z-- denotes the negative integers.

A notation is a set of well-defined rules for representing quantities and operations with symbols.

A number theoretic function is a function whose domain is the set of positive integers.

"The reals" is a common way of referring to the set of real numbers and is commonly denoted R.

Let u^_ denote the mean of a set of quantities u_i, then the relative deviation is defined by (Deltau_i)/(u^_)=(|u_i-u^_|)/(u^_).

One out of a set of identical observations in a given experiment under identical conditions.

The set of "critical values" of a map u:R^n->R^n of map class C^1 has Lebesgue measure 0 in R^n.

For a set S, the span is defined by maxS-minS, where max is the maximum and min is the minimum.