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One form of van der Waerden's theorem states that for all positive integers k and r, there exists a constant n(r,k) such that if n_0>=n(r,k) and {1,2,...,n_0} subset C_1 ...

A diamond-shaped neighborhood that can be used to define a set of cells surrounding a given cell (x_0,y_0) that may affect the evolution of a two-dimensional cellular ...

An xyz embedding, also called an "xyz drawing," is a three-dimensional embedding such that every axis-parallel line contains either zero or two vertices. Such an embedding is ...

In most modern literature, a Boolean model is a probabilistic model of continuum percolation theory characterized by the existence of a stationary point process X and a ...

Probability and Statistics

The Bailey mod 9 identities are a set of three Rogers-Ramanujan-like identities appearing as equations (1.6), (1.8), and (1.7) on p. 422 of Bailey (1947) given by A(q) = ...

Consider the family of ellipses (x^2)/(c^2)+(y^2)/((1-c)^2)-1=0 (1) for c in [0,1]. The partial derivative with respect to c is -(2x^2)/(c^3)+(2y^2)/((1-c)^3)=0 (2) ...

An elliptic curve is the set of solutions to an equation of the form y^2+a_1xy+a_3y=x^3+a_2x^2+a_4x+a_6. (1) By changing variables, y->2y+a_1x+a_3, assuming the field ...

A prime partition of a positive integer n>=2 is a set of primes p_i which sum to n. For example, there are three prime partitions of 7 since 7=7=2+5=2+2+3. The number of ...

The residue classes of a function f(x) mod n are all possible values of the residue f(x) (mod n). For example, the residue classes of x^2 (mod 6) are {0,1,3,4}, since 0^2=0 ...