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Euclidean n-space, sometimes called Cartesian space or simply n-space, is the space of all n-tuples of real numbers, (x_1, x_2, ..., x_n). Such n-tuples are sometimes called ...

The Euler-Gergonne-Soddy triangle is the right triangle DeltaZFlEv created by the pairwise intersections of the Euler line L_E, Soddy line L_S, and Gergonne line L_G. (The ...

A shuffle of a deck of cards obtained by successively exchanging the cards in position 1, 2, ..., n with cards in randomly chosen positions. For 4<=n<=17, the most frequent ...

A module M over a unit ring R is called faithful if for all distinct elements a, b of R, there exists x in M such that ax!=bx. In other words, the multiplications by a and by ...

A fibered category F over a topological space X consists of 1. a category F(U) for each open subset U subset= X, 2. a functor i^*:F(U)->F(V) for each inclusion i:V↪U, and 3. ...

Let F and G be fibered categories over a topological space X. A morphism phi:F->G of fibered categories consists of: 1. a functor phi(U):F->G(U) for each open subset U ...

The forward difference is a finite difference defined by Deltaa_n=a_(n+1)-a_n. (1) Higher order differences are obtained by repeated operations of the forward difference ...

The Frobenius number is the largest value b for which the Frobenius equation a_1x_1+a_2x_2+...+a_nx_n=b, (1) has no solution, where the a_i are positive integers, b is an ...

Gauss's theorema egregium states that the Gaussian curvature of a surface embedded in three-space may be understood intrinsically to that surface. "Residents" of the surface ...

A generalized eigenvector for an n×n matrix A is a vector v for which (A-lambdaI)^kv=0 for some positive integer k in Z^+. Here, I denotes the n×n identity matrix. The ...