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The representation of a number as a sum of powers of a base b, followed by expression of each of the exponents as a sum of powers of b, etc., until the process stops. For ...

A Hilbert basis for the vector space of square summable sequences (a_n)=a_1, a_2, ... is given by the standard basis e_i, where e_i=delta_(in), with delta_(in) the Kronecker ...

A general concept in category theory involving the globalization of topological or differential structures. The term derives from the Greek omicronlambdaomicronsigma (holos) ...

A hyperbolic version of the Euclidean cube.

A p-form alpha is indecomposable if it cannot be written as the wedge product of one-forms alpha=beta_1 ^ ... ^ beta_p. A p-form that can be written as such a product is ...

The ratio of the independence number of a graph G to its vertex count is known as the independence ratio of G (Bollobás 1981). The product of the chromatic number and ...

In a category C, an initial object is an object I in Ob(C) such that for any other object X in Ob(C), there is one and only one morphism from I to X.

An involutive algebra is an algebra A together with a map a|->a^* of A into A (a so-called involution), satisfying the following properties: 1. (a^*)^*=a. 2. (ab)^*=b^*a^*. ...

A linear transformation of period two. Since a linear transformation has the form, lambda^'=(alphalambda+beta)/(gammalambda+delta), (1) applying the transformation a second ...

A rational homomorphism phi:G->G^' defined over a field is called an isogeny when dimG=dimG^'. Two groups G and G^' are then called isogenous if there exists a third group ...