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The set of numbers generated by excluding the sums of two or more consecutive earlier members is called the prime numbers of measurement, or sometimes the segmented numbers. ...

The term "product" refers to the result of one or more multiplications. For example, the mathematical statement a×b=c would be read "a times b equals c," where a is called ...

A Proth number is a number of the form N=k·2^n+1 for odd k, n a positive integer, and 2^n>k. The 2^n>k condition is needed since otherwise, every odd number >1 would be a ...

A mathematical problem, usually not requiring advanced mathematics, to which a solution is desired. Puzzles frequently require the rearrangement of existing pieces (e.g., 15 ...

The quaternion group is one of the two non-Abelian groups of the five total finite groups of order 8. It is formed by the quaternions +/-1, +/-i, +/-j, and +/-k , denoted Q_8 ...

The ramp function is defined by R(x) = xH(x) (1) = int_(-infty)^xH(x^')dx^' (2) = int_(-infty)^inftyH(x^')H(x-x^')dx^' (3) = H(x)*H(x), (4) where H(x) is the Heaviside step ...

A random permutation is a permutation containing a fixed number n of a random selection from a given set of elements. There are two main algorithms for constructing random ...

A set S of integers is said to be recursive if there is a total recursive function f(x) such that f(x)=1 for x in S and f(x)=0 for x not in S. Any recursive set is also ...

A regular ring in the sense of commutative algebra is a commutative unit ring such that all its localizations at prime ideals are regular local rings. In contrast, a von ...

A balanced incomplete block design (B,V) is called resolvable if there exists a partition R of its set of blocks B into parallel classes, each of which in turn partitions the ...