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Numbers 1, alpha_1, ..., alpha_L are rationally independent iff under the action of rotation rho_(alpha_1)×...×rho_(alpha_L) on the L-dimensional torus, every orbit is ...

The Kronecker sum is the matrix sum defined by A direct sum B=A tensor I_b+I_a tensor B, (1) where A and B are square matrices of order a and b, respectively, I_n is the ...

A polynomial factorization algorithm that proceeds by considering the vector of coefficients of a polynomial P, calculating b_i=P(i)/a_i, constructing the Lagrange ...

An algebraically soluble equation of odd prime degree which is irreducible in the natural field possesses either 1. Only a single real root, or 2. All real roots.

If R is a ring (commutative with 1), the height of a prime ideal p is defined as the supremum of all n so that there is a chain p_0 subset ...p_(n-1) subset p_n=p where all ...

A generalization of the Wilcoxon rank sum test.

The Kuhn-Tucker theorem is a theorem in nonlinear programming which states that if a regularity condition holds and f and the functions h_j are convex, then a solution ...

A statistic defined to improve the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test in the tails.

A group of linear fractional transformations which transform the arguments of Kummer solutions to the hypergeometric differential equation into each other. Define A(z) = 1-z ...

The area of the dodecagon (n=12) inscribed in a unit circle with R=1 is A=1/2nR^2sin((2pi)/n)=3.