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A function f mapping a set X->X/R (X modulo R), where R is an equivalence relation in X, is called a canonical map.

A Chu space is a binary relation from a set A to an antiset X which is defined as a set which transforms via converse functions.

The Frobenius equation is the Diophantine equation a_1x_1+a_2x_2+...+a_nx_n=b, where the a_i are positive integers, b is an integer, and the solutions x_i are nonnegative ...

Let E be a set of expressions representing real, single-valued partially defined functions of one real variable. Let E^* be the set of functions represented by expressions in ...

The reflexive closure of a binary relation R on a set X is the minimal reflexive relation R^' on X that contains R. Thus aR^'a for every element a of X and aR^'b for distinct ...

The reflexive reduction of a binary relation R on a set X is the minimum relation R^' on X with the same reflexive closure as R. Thus aR^'b for any elements a and b of X, ...

A relation is any subset of a Cartesian product. For instance, a subset of A×B, called a "binary relation from A to B," is a collection of ordered pairs (a,b) with first ...

The transitive reduction of a binary relation R on a set X is the minimum relation R^' on X with the same transitive closure as R. Thus aR^'b for any elements a and b of X, ...

A mathematical relationship transforming a function f(x) to the form f(x+a).

The term "closure" has various meanings in mathematics. The topological closure of a subset A of a topological space X is the smallest closed subset of X containing A. If R ...