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A symbol used to distinguish a third quantity x^('') ("x double prime") from two other related quantities x and x^' ("x prime). Double primes are most commonly used to denote ...

Let U(P,Q) and V(P,Q) be Lucas sequences generated by P and Q, and define D=P^2-4Q. (1) Then {U_((n-(D/n))/2)=0 (mod n) when (Q/n)=1; V_((n-(D/n))/2)=D (mod n) when (Q/n)=-1, ...

A special case of the Artin L-function for the polynomial x^2+1. It is given by L(s)=product_(p odd prime)1/(1-chi^-(p)p^(-s)), (1) where chi^-(p) = {1 for p=1 (mod 4); -1 ...

The Herschel is the heptomino illustrated above which is shaped like the astronomical symbol for Saturn. It was misnamed by early investigators of the game of life who ...

Isomorphism is a very general concept that appears in several areas of mathematics. The word derives from the Greek iso, meaning "equal," and morphosis, meaning "to form" or ...

The L^2-inner product of two real functions f and g on a measure space X with respect to the measure mu is given by <f,g>_(L^2)=int_Xfgdmu, sometimes also called the bracket ...

sum_(k=0)^(infty)[((m)_k)/(k!)]^3 = 1+(m/1)^3+[(m(m+1))/(1·2)]^3+... (1) = (Gamma(1-3/2m))/([Gamma(1-1/2m)]^3)cos(1/2mpi), (2) where (m)_k is a Pochhammer symbol and Gamma(z) ...

An n-dimensional open disk of radius r is the collection of points of distance less than r from a fixed point in Euclidean n-space. Krantz (1999, p. 3) uses the symbol D(x,r) ...

The Pell constant is the infinite product P = 1-product_(k=0)^(infty)(1-1/(2^(2k+1))) (1) = 1-(1/2;1/4)_infty (2) = 0.58057755820489... (3) (OEIS A141848), where (a,q)_infty ...

Two distinct point pairs AC and BD separate each other if A, B, C, and D lie on a circle (or line) in such order that either of the arcs (or the line segment AC) contains one ...