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The survival function describes the probability that a variate X takes on a value greater than a number x (Evans et al. 2000, p. 6). The survival function is therefore ...

The tilde is the mark "~" placed on top of a symbol to indicate some special property. x^~ is voiced "x-tilde." The tilde symbol is commonly used to denote an operator. In ...

The triangular distribution is a continuous distribution defined on the range x in [a,b] with probability density function P(x)={(2(x-a))/((b-a)(c-a)) for a<=x<=c; ...

The theory of point sets and sequences having a uniform distribution. Uniform distribution theory is important in modeling and simulation, and especially in so-called Monte ...

Let X_1, ..., X_N be a sequence of independent observations of a random variable X, and let the number of observations N itself be chosen at random. Then Wald's equation ...

A sequence of uncorrelated numbers alpha_n developed by Wiener (1926-1927). The numbers are constructed by beginning with {1,-1}, (1) then forming the outer product with ...

A continuous-time stochastic process W(t) for t>=0 with W(0)=0 and such that the increment W(t)-W(s) is Gaussian with mean 0 and variance t-s for any 0<=s<t, and increments ...

The Zipf distribution, sometimes referred to as the zeta distribution, is a discrete distribution commonly used in linguistics, insurance, and the modelling of rare events. ...

Let v be a n-vector whose entries are each 1 (with probability p) or 0 (with probability q=1-p). An s-run is an isolated group of s consecutive 1s. Ignoring the boundaries, ...

Van der Corput sequences are a means of generating sequences of points that are maximally self-avoiding (a.k.a. quasirandom sequences). In the one-dimensional case, the ...