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The dual of a regular tessellation is formed by taking the center of each polygon as a vertex and joining the centers of adjacent polygons. The triangular and hexagonal ...

The dual vector space to a real vector space V is the vector space of linear functions f:V->R, denoted V^*. In the dual of a complex vector space, the linear functions take ...

A metatheorem stating that every theorem on partially ordered sets remains true if all inequalities are reversed. In this operation, supremum must be replaced by infimum, ...

A variable that appears in a calculation only as a placeholder and which disappears completely in the final result. For example, in the integral int_0^xf(x^')dx^', x^' is a ...

A dyadic, also known as a vector direct product, is a linear polynomial of dyads AB+CD+... consisting of nine components A_(ij) which transform as (A_(ij))^' = ...

A Dyck path is a staircase walk from (0,0) to (n,n) that lies strictly below (but may touch) the diagonal y=x. The number of Dyck paths of order n is given by the Catalan ...

For any alpha in A (where A denotes the set of algebraic numbers), let |alpha|^_ denote the maximum of moduli of all conjugates of alpha. Then a function ...

An E_8 polytope is a polytope having the symmetry of the exceptional simple Lie groups E_8 of dimension 248. There are 255 uniform polytopes with E_8 symmetry in 8 ...

A principal vertex x_i of a simple polygon P is called an ear if the diagonal [x_(i-1),x_(i+1)] that bridges x_i lies entirely in P. Two ears x_i and x_j are said to overlap ...

If q_n is the nth prime such that M_(q_n) is a Mersenne prime, then q_n∼(3/2)^n. It was modified by Wagstaff (1983) to yield Wagstaff's conjecture, q_n∼(2^(e^(-gamma)))^n, ...