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A fractal process for which H<1/2, so r<0.

The map which takes points on the surface of a sphere S^2 to their antipodal points.

A quantity which changes sign when indices are reversed. For example, A_(ij)=a_i-a_j is antisymmetric since A_(ij)=-A_(ji).

The application of an apodization function.

If two quantities A and B are approximately equal, this is written A approx B.

A valuation for which |x|<=1 implies |1+x|<=C for the constant C=1 (independent of x). Such a valuation does not satisfy the strong triangle inequality |x+y|<=max(|x|,|y|).

A group in which any decreasing chain of distinct subgroups terminates after a finite number.

In logic, a statement which cannot be broken down into smaller statements, also simply called an "atom."

The first of several addends, or "the one to which the others are added," is sometimes called the augend. Therefore, while a, b, and c are addends in a+b+c, a is the augend.

alpha=1/Nsum_(i=1)^N|x_i-mu|=<|x_i-mu|>.