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A subset {v_1,...,v_k} of a vector space V, with the inner product <,>, is called orthogonal if <v_i,v_j>=0 when i!=j. That is, the vectors are mutually perpendicular. Note ...

An isoptic curve formed from the locus of tangents meeting at right angles. The orthoptic of a parabola is its conic section directrix. The orthoptic of a central conic was ...

The catacaustic of a parabola (t,t^2) opening upward is complicated for a general radiant point (x,y). However, the equations simplify substantially in the case x=infty ...

Parallel curves, frequently called "offset curves" in computer graphics applications, are curves which are displaced from a base curve by a constant offset, either positive ...

Petersson considered the absolutely converging Dirichlet L-series phi(s)=product_(p)1/(1-c(p)p^(-s)+p^(2k-1)p^(-2s)). (1) Writing the denominator as ...

The representation, beloved of engineers and physicists, of a complex number in terms of a complex exponential x+iy=|z|e^(iphi), (1) where i (called j by engineers) is the ...

A quartic algebraic curve also called the peg-top curve and given by the Cartesian equation a^4y^2=b^2x^3(2a-x) (1) and the parametric curves x = a(1+sint) (2) y = ...

A pivotal isocubic is an isocubic on the lines connecting pairs of isoconjugates that pass through a fixed point P (the pivot point). Pivotal isocubics intersect the ...

Flat polygons embedded in three-space can be transformed into a congruent planar polygon as follows. First, translate the starting vertex to (0, 0, 0) by subtracting it from ...

The path traced out by a fixed point at a radius b>a, where a is the radius of a rolling circle, also sometimes called an extended cycloid. The prolate cycloid contains ...