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Line segment picking is the process of picking line segments at random within a given shape in the plane, in space, or in a higher dimension. The most natural definition of a ...

A metric space is a set S with a global distance function (the metric g) that, for every two points x,y in S, gives the distance between them as a nonnegative real number ...

In many computer languages (such as FORTRAN or the Wolfram Language), the common residue of b (mod m) is written mod(b, m) (FORTRAN) or Mod[b, m] (Wolfram Language). The ...

A modular inverse of an integer b (modulo m) is the integer b^(-1) such that bb^(-1)=1 (mod m). A modular inverse can be computed in the Wolfram Language using PowerMod[b, ...

Consider the number of sequences that can be formed from permutations of a set of elements such that each partial sum is nonnegative. The number of sequences with nonnegative ...

Two lines in two-dimensional Euclidean space are said to be parallel if they do not intersect. In three-dimensional Euclidean space, parallel lines not only fail to ...

The pathwidth of a graph G, also called the interval thickness, vertex separation number, and node searching number, is one less than the size of the largest set in a path ...

The term perimeter refers either to the curve constituting the boundary of a lamina or else to the length of this boundary. The perimeter of a circle is called the ...

Given two intersecting lines OA and OB forming an angle with vertex at O and a point X inside the angle ∠AOB, the Philo line (or Philon line) is the shortest line segment AB ...

A polyform of 30-60-90 triangles. The name was coined by Ed Pegg, Jr. because of the 30-60-90 triangle's use in mechanical drawing and drafting. The Eternity puzzle is based ...