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The path covering number (or path-covering number; Slater 1972) of a graph G, variously denoted as summarized below, is the minimum number of vertex-disjoint paths that cover ...

The term "characteristic" has many different uses in mathematics. In general, it refers to some property that inherently describes a given mathematical object, for example ...

Catalan's constant is a constant that commonly appears in estimates of combinatorial functions and in certain classes of sums and definite integrals. It is usually denoted K ...

A perfect power is a number n of the form m^k, where m>1 is a positive integer and k>=2. If the prime factorization of n is n=p_1^(a_1)p_2^(a_2)...p_k^(a_k), then n is a ...

A function f is Carathéodory differentiable at a if there exists a function phi which is continuous at a such that f(x)-f(a)=phi(x)(x-a). Every function which is Carathéodory ...

The principal value of an analytic multivalued function is the single value chosen by convention to be returned for a given argument. Complex multivalued functions have ...

A positive proper divisor is a positive divisor of a number n, excluding n itself. For example, 1, 2, and 3 are positive proper divisors of 6, but 6 itself is not. The number ...

The study of manifolds having a complete Riemannian metric. Riemannian geometry is a general space based on the line element ds=F(x^1,...,x^n;dx^1,...,dx^n), with F(x,y)>0 ...

Complex Analysis

The quantities obtained from cubic, hexagonal, etc., lattice sums, evaluated at s=1, are called Madelung constants. For cubic lattice sums ...